PhD in Computer Science is a 3-year-long doctorate-level course in computer science and its related aspects. Ph.D. in computer science topics of study include research methodology, data mining, machine learning, rough set theory, etc. Programs require students to develop original research leading to a dissertation in the specialisation of their choice. These programs encourage students to solve complex problems and invent new processes, tools, and methods to improve the way people work. The emphasis is also laid on designing experiments to test the functionalities of different methodologies and systems, analyse the results, and publish the findings in academic journals.